Gaya (गया) is a district in southern Bihar, India, with its headquarters in Gaya city. It is known for its religious heritage, the Falgu River and surrounding rocky hills. Bodh Gaya, within the district, is where the Buddha is traditionally believed to have attained enlightenment. Its Mahabodhi Temple Complex is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Magahi and Hindi are widely spoken. Hindu pilgrimage traditions, especially pind daan rituals for ancestors, coexist with Buddhist monasteries and international pilgrimage activity. Agriculture, trade, services and tourism support livelihoods. Prominent landmarks include the Vishnupad Temple in Gaya city and the sacred sites of Bodh Gaya. Markets, festivals and local food contribute to the district’s cultural life.
Common civic concerns include reliable drinking water, sanitation, road maintenance, drainage and access to healthcare and education. Residents also care about agricultural water supplies, employment, public transport and managing pilgrimage crowds while protecting heritage sites and the river environment.